Performance
PERFORMANCE
ORGANIC STATE OF ANOLYTE
The organic state of the anolyte as electrolyzed water.
European Union
Summary of EGTOP:
The substances listed in Annex VII (1) have been approved for organic production in the EU. In the opinion of the group (the expert group for technical advice on organic production), there is a broad consensus that these substances (listed in Annex VII, point 1) are in line with the objectives and principles of organic production.
Conclusions
In the group’s view, the use of electrolyzed water is similar to the use of sodium hypochlorite. Therefore, it can be used for all purposes for which sodium hypochlorite is permitted, but not for others. So far, the group sees no need to mention electrolyzed water separately.
U.S.
This memo updates the status of electrolyzed water under the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) organic regulations at 7 CFR Part 205. The memo clarifies that electrolyzed water is a type of chlorine material that is allowed in organic production and processing.
Chlorine materials are included in the national list of permitted and prohibited substances (national list). In water, chlorine materials such as calcium and sodium hypochlorite form an equilibrium with corresponding chlorine species, including hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and hypochlorite (ClO-). Similar chlorine species are formed when electrolyzed water is produced. Accordingly, NOP considers hypochlorous acid produced by electrolyzed water to be a permitted chlorine material.
Canada
Electrolyzed water (which may contain hypochlorous acid either as a by-product of electrolysis or the dissolution of chlorine compounds into the water) is permitted.
New Zealand
Biogro certificate number: RN 2016-1 : Approved for use in organic production or food processing and processing according to COR standards
PRODUCT COMPARISON
| Substance | Description | Benefits | Restriction |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chlorine | Used in a gaseous state, requires the strictest safety measures | - Powerful oxidizer and disinfectant - Effectively removes tastes and odors - Introducing with an aftereffect - Able to control the growth of algae, biological slime and micro-organisms -Decomposes organic impurities (phenols...) - Oxidizer of iron and magnesium. Breaks down hydrogen sulfide, cyanides, ammonium and other nitrogen compounds | - Strict requirements for transport and storage - Possible risk to health in the event of a leak. Formation of disinfection by-products such as chloroform. The MAC value of water will be increased from 60 mkg/l to 60 mg/l in the near future, because there was no evidence of a direct effect of chloroform on DNA. |
| Hypochlorite | Used in liquid and granular form (store concentration - 10-20%), can be obtained on site, electrochemically | -Effective against most pathogenic microorganisms -Relatively safe during storage and use -Produced on site, there is no need to transport and store chemicals | -Ineffectiveness against cysts (Giardia, Cryptosporidium) -Loses its activity during long-term storage - Possible danger from gaseous chlorine emission -Forms trihalomethane. When it is born on site, it requires either immediate use or special measures during storage to purify the original water from heavy metal ions. An on-site NaCIO solution with an active chlorine concentration of less than 450 mg/l does not form chlorates during storage |
| Chlorine dioxide | On-site production only. The most effective disinfectant and the strongest oxidizing agent of all chlorine-containing ones | -Works in small doses Does not form chloramines - Does not contribute to the formation of trihalomethanes -Destroys phenols - source of unpleasant taste and smell -Effective oxidizer and disinfectant for all types of microorganisms, including cysts, (Giardia, Cryptosporidium) and viruses -Does not form bromides from bromates - Facilitates the removal of iron and magnesium from water due to their rapid oxidation and precipitation of oxides | - Only on-site production -Requires transportation and storage of chemicals -In the reaction with organic impurities, forms inorganic by-products -Forms chlorates and chlorite ions |
| Chloramine | Formed during the reaction of ammonium with active chlorine. It is used as a long-term disinfectant | -Features stable and long-term aftereffect - Facilitates the removal of foreign tastes and odors -Reduces the formation of trihalomethane and chlorine-organic acid -Prevents the formation of biological slime in distribution systems | -Weak disinfectant and oxidizer compared to chlorine -Not effective against viruses and cysts (Giardia, Cryptosporidium) - Disinfection requires considerable doses and a long contact time -Dangerous for patients using dialyzers because it can penetrate the dialyzer membrane and affect red blood cells -Forms by-products containing nitrogen |
| Ozone | It has been used for several decades in some European countries for disinfection, color removal, taste and odor control. | -Strong disinfectant and oxidizing agent -Very effective against Giardia, Cryposporidium and all other pathogenic microflora -Makes it easier to remove turbidity from water -Removes foreign tastes and odors -Does not form chlorine-containing trihalomethanes | -Forms by-products including: aldehydes, ketones, organic acids, brominated trihalomethanes (including bromoform), bromates (in the presence of bromides): peroxides, bromoacetic acid -Requires the use of biologically active filters to remove by-products -Does not guarantee a residual disinfection effect -Requires considerable initial equipment costs -Significant costs for user training and installation support -When reacting with organic compounds, ozone breaks them down into smaller components, which can become nutrients for the growth of microorganisms in water distribution systems |
| Ultraviolet | Exposing water to UV rays, which can kill various microorganisms | -No storage and transportation of chemicals is required - Does not form by-products | -No residual effect -Not effective against cysts (Giardia, Cryptosporidium) -Requires considerable costs for equipment and technical maintenance -Requires considerable operating costs (power). - Disinfection activity depends on water turbidity, hardness (sediments on the surface of the bulb), deposition of organic impurities on the surface of the bulb and power source deviations that affect the wavelength variation. |
| Anolyte | Electrochemical activation of salt solution in a membrane electrolyzer | -Strong disinfectant and oxidizing agent -Very effective against all kinds of bacteria and viruses -Very effective as a spore-killing agent - Effectively removes bad tastes and odors -Removes biofilms -Significantly less formation of chlorine compounds, halogens and TMT -No toxic by-products: chlorites (ClO2) and chlorates (ClO3) -No acute or chronic toxicity when diluted in water -Cheap -No transport or storage problems -Easy and safe storage and handling | - Ventilation may be needed in the installation room to remove fumes |